Let you know the strength of laser cutting machine in cutting steel

Jul 3, 2025

1 Basic Principle

A laser cutting machine focuses a high-energy-density laser beam onto the surface of the steel, instantly melting or vaporizing the metal. At the same time, high-pressure assist gas (such as oxygen or nitrogen) blows away the molten material, achieving precise cutting.

2 How Thick Can It Cut?

Mild Steel (Carbon Steel):

Standard power (1–3 kW) fiber laser cutting machines can typically cut 1–20 mm thick mild steel.

High-power lasers (6–20 kW) can cut up to 40–50 mm or more, but cutting thicker plates requires higher power, advanced cutting heads, optimized gas flow, and precise cutting techniques.

Stainless Steel:

1–3 kW machines can normally cut 1–12 mm thick stainless steel.

High-power machines can cut over 30 mm, but the cutting speed is lower.

Alloy Steel, Galvanized Steel, etc.:

Cutting thickness is similar to mild steel, but some alloy steels require precise parameter control to avoid edge hardening or discoloration.

3 Key Factors Affecting Cutting Capacity

Laser Power: Higher power means stronger cutting capability.

Cutting Head & Nozzle: High-quality optical components and nozzles improve cutting results.

Assist Gas: Mild steel is typically cut with oxygen (which promotes combustion and boosts cutting power); stainless steel is usually cut with nitrogen to keep the edge oxidation-free.

Material Condition: Flat, clean surfaces produce better cuts. Rust or surface defects can affect cut quality.

4 Cutting Quality

Laser cutting produces narrow kerfs (typically 0.1–0.5 mm), smooth and clean edges with good perpendicularity, and a small heat-affected zone (HAZ). This reduces the need for secondary processing.

5 Typical Applications

Steel structures and sheet metal parts

Mechanical components

Construction elements

Automotive manufacturing

Kitchenware and decorative parts

Summary:
Modern fiber laser cutting machines have excellent cutting capabilities for steel, offering high efficiency, high precision, and great flexibility. By selecting the right power, gas, and cutting parameters, you can achieve fast, high-quality steel cutting with minimal post-processing.

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